An HPLC (High-performance liquid chromatography) column is a piece of laboratory equipment used to separate and analyze a mixture of compounds. It is a key component of an HPLC system and is made up of a long tube packed with a stationary phase, which is used to separate the components of a sample as they are passed through the column.
What are the different types of HPLC columns? Several HPLC columns include reversed-phase, normal-phase, ion exchange, size-exclusion, and chiral columns. Each column type uses a different stationary phase and works best for different compounds and applications.

An HPLC column uses the differences in the physical and chemical properties of the compounds in a sample to separate them as they pass through the column. The sample is injected into the column and is carried through by a mobile phase, which can be a liquid or a gas. As the sample passes through the column, the different compounds are separated based on their interactions with the stationary phase.

The choice of HPLC column will depend on the type of compounds you work with and the separation conditions. Factors to consider include the polarity of the stationary phase, the particle size, and the column dimension. It would help to consider the cost and the manufacturer’s reputation.

Typical dimensions for HPLC columns are 4.6mm, 3.0mm, and 2.1mm. Other dimensions available are 2.1mm, 1.7mm, and 1.0mm. Some columns can have dimensions as small as 0.3mm for special applications.
How do I properly store my HPLC column? HPLC columns should be stored in a cool, dry place, with the end caps in place to protect the stationary phase from contamination. Avoid exposing the column to extreme temperatures or changes in humidity, as this can affect the performance of the column.

The lifespan of an HPLC column will depend on the type of stationary phase and the conditions under which it is used. Some columns can be used for a few hundred injections, while others can be used for several thousand. If you plan to reuse your column, follow the manufacturer’s recommendations for cleaning and storage.

The particle size of an HPLC column is typically between 2 and 10 microns.

Following the manufacturer’s instructions for cleaning an HPLC column is important. Generally, cleaning a column by running a compatible solvent after use and before storage would be best.

Packed columns are filled with a stationary phase, while capillary columns are typically made of fused silica or metal tubing. Packed columns are often used in traditional HPLC, while capillary columns are used in ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC).

To extend an HPLC column’s life, it is important to protect it from excessive temperature, humidity, and pressure changes. You should also avoid using harsh cleaning agents and overloading the column with the sample.